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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "ADDR2LINE 1"
.TH ADDR2LINE 1 "2012-11-13" "binutils-2.23.1" "GNU Development Tools"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
addr2line \- convert addresses into file names and line numbers.
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
addr2line [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-addresses\fR]
          [\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR]
          [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR]]
          [\fB\-e\fR \fIfilename\fR|\fB\-\-exe=\fR\fIfilename\fR]
          [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-functions\fR] [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-basename\fR]
          [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-inlines\fR]
          [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-pretty\-print\fR]
          [\fB\-j\fR|\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIname\fR]
          [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR]
          [addr addr ...]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\fBaddr2line\fR translates addresses into file names and line numbers.
Given an address in an executable or an offset in a section of a relocatable
object, it uses the debugging information to figure out which file name and
line number are associated with it.
.PP
The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the \fB\-e\fR
option.  The default is the file \fIa.out\fR.  The section in the relocatable
object to use is specified with the \fB\-j\fR option.
.PP
\&\fBaddr2line\fR has two modes of operation.
.PP
In the first, hexadecimal addresses are specified on the command line,
and \fBaddr2line\fR displays the file name and line number for each
address.
.PP
In the second, \fBaddr2line\fR reads hexadecimal addresses from
standard input, and prints the file name and line number for each
address on standard output.  In this mode, \fBaddr2line\fR may be used
in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses.
.PP
The format of the output is \fB\s-1FILENAME:LINENO\s0\fR.  The file name and
line number for each input address is printed on separate lines.
.PP
If the \fB\-f\fR option is used, then each \fB\s-1FILENAME:LINENO\s0\fR
line is preceded by \fB\s-1FUNCTIONNAME\s0\fR which is the name of the
function containing the address.
.PP
If the \fB\-i\fR option is used and the code at the given address is
present there because of inlining by the compiler then the
\&\fB{\s-1FUNCTIONNAME\s0} \s-1FILENAME:LINENO\s0\fR information for the inlining
function will be displayed afterwards.  This continues recursively
until there is no more inlining to report.
.PP
If the \fB\-a\fR option is used then the output is prefixed by the
input address.
.PP
If the \fB\-p\fR option is used then the output for each input
address is displayed on one, possibly quite long, line.  If
\&\fB\-p\fR is not used then the output is broken up into multiple
lines, based on the paragraphs above.
.PP
If the file name or function name can not be determined,
\&\fBaddr2line\fR will print two question marks in their place.  If the
line number can not be determined, \fBaddr2line\fR will print 0.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent.
.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4
.IX Item "-a"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-addresses\fR" 4
.IX Item "--addresses"
.PD
Display the address before the function name, file and line number
information.  The address is printed with a \fB0x\fR prefix to easily
identify it.
.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4
.IX Item "-b bfdname"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4
.IX Item "--target=bfdname"
.PD
Specify that the object-code format for the object files is
\&\fIbfdname\fR.
.IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4
.IX Item "-C"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4
.IX Item "--demangle[=style]"
.PD
Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names.
Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this
makes \*(C+ function names readable.  Different compilers have different
mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to
choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.
.IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
.IX Item "-e filename"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-exe=\fR\fIfilename\fR" 4
.IX Item "--exe=filename"
.PD
Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should be
translated.  The default file is \fIa.out\fR.
.IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4
.IX Item "-f"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-functions\fR" 4
.IX Item "--functions"
.PD
Display function names as well as file and line number information.
.IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4
.IX Item "-s"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-basenames\fR" 4
.IX Item "--basenames"
.PD
Display only the base of each file name.
.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4
.IX Item "-i"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-inlines\fR" 4
.IX Item "--inlines"
.PD
If the address belongs to a function that was inlined, the source
information for all enclosing scopes back to the first non-inlined
function will also be printed.  For example, if \f(CW\*(C`main\*(C'\fR inlines
\&\f(CW\*(C`callee1\*(C'\fR which inlines \f(CW\*(C`callee2\*(C'\fR, and address is from
\&\f(CW\*(C`callee2\*(C'\fR, the source information for \f(CW\*(C`callee1\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`main\*(C'\fR
will also be printed.
.IP "\fB\-j\fR" 4
.IX Item "-j"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-section\fR" 4
.IX Item "--section"
.PD
Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of absolute addresses.
.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4
.IX Item "-p"
.PD 0
.IP "\fB\-\-pretty\-print\fR" 4
.IX Item "--pretty-print"
.PD
Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed on one line.
If option \fB\-i\fR is specified, lines for all enclosing scopes are
prefixed with \fB(inlined by)\fR.
.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4
.IX Item "@file"
Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR.  The options read are
inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option.  If \fIfile\fR
does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
literally, and not removed.
.Sp
Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace
character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
option in either single or double quotes.  Any character (including a
backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included
with a backslash.  The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional
@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009,
2010, 2011, 2012
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.PP
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the
section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".