base/message_pump_mac.mm

// Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "base/message_pump_mac.h"

#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#include <limits>

#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/time.h"

namespace {

void NoOp(void* info) {
}

const CFTimeInterval kCFTimeIntervalMax =
    std::numeric_limits<CFTimeInterval>::max();

}  // namespace

namespace base {

// A scoper for autorelease pools created from message pump run loops.
// Avoids dirtying up the ScopedNSAutoreleasePool interface for the rare
// case where an autorelease pool needs to be passed in.
class MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool {
 public:
  explicit MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool(MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* pump) :
      pool_(pump->CreateAutoreleasePool()) {
  }
   ~MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool() {
    [pool_ drain];
  }

 private:
  NSAutoreleasePool* pool_;
  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool);
};

// Must be called on the run loop thread.
MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase()
    : delegate_(NULL),
      delayed_work_fire_time_(kCFTimeIntervalMax),
      nesting_level_(0),
      run_nesting_level_(0),
      deepest_nesting_level_(0),
      delegateless_work_(false),
      delegateless_idle_work_(false) {
  run_loop_ = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
  CFRetain(run_loop_);

  // Set a repeating timer with a preposterous firing time and interval.  The
  // timer will effectively never fire as-is.  The firing time will be adjusted
  // as needed when ScheduleDelayedWork is called.
  CFRunLoopTimerContext timer_context = CFRunLoopTimerContext();
  timer_context.info = this;
  delayed_work_timer_ = CFRunLoopTimerCreate(NULL,                // allocator
                                             kCFTimeIntervalMax,  // fire time
                                             kCFTimeIntervalMax,  // interval
                                             0,                   // flags
                                             0,                   // priority
                                             RunDelayedWorkTimer,
                                             &timer_context);
  CFRunLoopAddTimer(run_loop_, delayed_work_timer_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

  CFRunLoopSourceContext source_context = CFRunLoopSourceContext();
  source_context.info = this;
  source_context.perform = RunWorkSource;
  work_source_ = CFRunLoopSourceCreate(NULL,  // allocator
                                       1,     // priority
                                       &source_context);
  CFRunLoopAddSource(run_loop_, work_source_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

  source_context.perform = RunIdleWorkSource;
  idle_work_source_ = CFRunLoopSourceCreate(NULL,  // allocator
                                            2,     // priority
                                            &source_context);
  CFRunLoopAddSource(run_loop_, idle_work_source_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

  source_context.perform = RunNestingDeferredWorkSource;
  nesting_deferred_work_source_ = CFRunLoopSourceCreate(NULL,  // allocator
                                                        0,     // priority
                                                        &source_context);
  CFRunLoopAddSource(run_loop_, nesting_deferred_work_source_,
                     kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

  CFRunLoopObserverContext observer_context = CFRunLoopObserverContext();
  observer_context.info = this;
  pre_wait_observer_ = CFRunLoopObserverCreate(NULL,  // allocator
                                               kCFRunLoopBeforeWaiting,
                                               true,  // repeat
                                               0,     // priority
                                               PreWaitObserver,
                                               &observer_context);
  CFRunLoopAddObserver(run_loop_, pre_wait_observer_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

  pre_source_observer_ = CFRunLoopObserverCreate(NULL,  // allocator
                                                 kCFRunLoopBeforeSources,
                                                 true,  // repeat
                                                 0,     // priority
                                                 PreSourceObserver,
                                                 &observer_context);
  CFRunLoopAddObserver(run_loop_, pre_source_observer_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

  enter_exit_observer_ = CFRunLoopObserverCreate(NULL,  // allocator
                                                 kCFRunLoopEntry |
                                                     kCFRunLoopExit,
                                                 true,  // repeat
                                                 0,     // priority
                                                 EnterExitObserver,
                                                 &observer_context);
  CFRunLoopAddObserver(run_loop_, enter_exit_observer_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
}

// Ideally called on the run loop thread.  If other run loops were running
// lower on the run loop thread's stack when this object was created, the
// same number of run loops must be running when this object is destroyed.
MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::~MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase() {
  CFRunLoopRemoveObserver(run_loop_, enter_exit_observer_,
                          kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(enter_exit_observer_);

  CFRunLoopRemoveObserver(run_loop_, pre_source_observer_,
                          kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(pre_source_observer_);

  CFRunLoopRemoveObserver(run_loop_, pre_wait_observer_,
                          kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(pre_wait_observer_);

  CFRunLoopRemoveSource(run_loop_, nesting_deferred_work_source_,
                        kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(nesting_deferred_work_source_);

  CFRunLoopRemoveSource(run_loop_, idle_work_source_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(idle_work_source_);

  CFRunLoopRemoveSource(run_loop_, work_source_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(work_source_);

  CFRunLoopRemoveTimer(run_loop_, delayed_work_timer_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(delayed_work_timer_);

  CFRelease(run_loop_);
}

// Must be called on the run loop thread.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::Run(Delegate* delegate) {
  // nesting_level_ will be incremented in EnterExitRunLoop, so set
  // run_nesting_level_ accordingly.
  int last_run_nesting_level = run_nesting_level_;
  run_nesting_level_ = nesting_level_ + 1;

  Delegate* last_delegate = delegate_;
  delegate_ = delegate;

  if (delegate) {
    // If any work showed up but could not be dispatched for want of a
    // delegate, set it up for dispatch again now that a delegate is
    // available.
    if (delegateless_work_) {
      CFRunLoopSourceSignal(work_source_);
      delegateless_work_ = false;
    }
    if (delegateless_idle_work_) {
      CFRunLoopSourceSignal(idle_work_source_);
      delegateless_idle_work_ = false;
    }
  }

  DoRun(delegate);

  // Restore the previous state of the object.
  delegate_ = last_delegate;
  run_nesting_level_ = last_run_nesting_level;
}

// May be called on any thread.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::ScheduleWork() {
  CFRunLoopSourceSignal(work_source_);
  CFRunLoopWakeUp(run_loop_);
}

// Must be called on the run loop thread.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::ScheduleDelayedWork(
    const TimeTicks& delayed_work_time) {
  // TODO(jar): We may need a more efficient way to go between these times, but
  // the difference will change not only when we sleep/wake, it will also change
  // when the user changes the wall clock time :-/.
  Time absolute_work_time =
      (delayed_work_time - TimeTicks::Now()) + Time::Now();

  Time::Exploded exploded;
  absolute_work_time.UTCExplode(&exploded);
  double seconds = exploded.second +
                   (static_cast<double>((absolute_work_time.ToInternalValue()) %
                                        Time::kMicrosecondsPerSecond) /
                    Time::kMicrosecondsPerSecond);
  CFGregorianDate gregorian = {
    exploded.year,
    exploded.month,
    exploded.day_of_month,
    exploded.hour,
    exploded.minute,
    seconds
  };
  delayed_work_fire_time_ = CFGregorianDateGetAbsoluteTime(gregorian, NULL);

  CFRunLoopTimerSetNextFireDate(delayed_work_timer_, delayed_work_fire_time_);
}

// Called from the run loop.
// static
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunDelayedWorkTimer(CFRunLoopTimerRef timer,
                                                   void* info) {
  MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* self = static_cast<MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase*>(info);

  // The timer won't fire again until it's reset.
  self->delayed_work_fire_time_ = kCFTimeIntervalMax;

  // CFRunLoopTimers fire outside of the priority scheme for CFRunLoopSources.
  // In order to establish the proper priority in which work and delayed work
  // are processed one for one, the timer used to schedule delayed work must
  // signal a CFRunLoopSource used to dispatch both work and delayed work.
  CFRunLoopSourceSignal(self->work_source_);
}

// Called from the run loop.
// static
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunWorkSource(void* info) {
  MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* self = static_cast<MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase*>(info);
  self->RunWork();
}

// Called by MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunWorkSource.
bool MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunWork() {
  if (!delegate_) {
    // This point can be reached with a NULL delegate_ if Run is not on the
    // stack but foreign code is spinning the CFRunLoop.  Arrange to come back
    // here when a delegate is available.
    delegateless_work_ = true;
    return false;
  }

  // The NSApplication-based run loop only drains the autorelease pool at each
  // UI event (NSEvent).  The autorelease pool is not drained for each
  // CFRunLoopSource target that's run.  Use a local pool for any autoreleased
  // objects if the app is not currently handling a UI event to ensure they're
  // released promptly even in the absence of UI events.
  MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool autorelease_pool(this);

  // Call DoWork and DoDelayedWork once, and if something was done, arrange to
  // come back here again as long as the loop is still running.
  bool did_work = delegate_->DoWork();
  bool resignal_work_source = did_work;

  TimeTicks next_time;
  delegate_->DoDelayedWork(&next_time);
  if (!did_work) {
    // Determine whether there's more delayed work, and if so, if it needs to
    // be done at some point in the future or if it's already time to do it.
    // Only do these checks if did_work is false. If did_work is true, this
    // function, and therefore any additional delayed work, will get another
    // chance to run before the loop goes to sleep.
    bool more_delayed_work = !next_time.is_null();
    if (more_delayed_work) {
      TimeDelta delay = next_time - TimeTicks::Now();
      if (delay > TimeDelta()) {
        // There's more delayed work to be done in the future.
        ScheduleDelayedWork(next_time);
      } else {
        // There's more delayed work to be done, and its time is in the past.
        // Arrange to come back here directly as long as the loop is still
        // running.
        resignal_work_source = true;
      }
    }
  }

  if (resignal_work_source) {
    CFRunLoopSourceSignal(work_source_);
  }

  return resignal_work_source;
}

// Called from the run loop.
// static
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunIdleWorkSource(void* info) {
  MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* self = static_cast<MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase*>(info);
  self->RunIdleWork();
}

// Called by MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunIdleWorkSource.
bool MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunIdleWork() {
  if (!delegate_) {
    // This point can be reached with a NULL delegate_ if Run is not on the
    // stack but foreign code is spinning the CFRunLoop.  Arrange to come back
    // here when a delegate is available.
    delegateless_idle_work_ = true;
    return false;
  }

  // The NSApplication-based run loop only drains the autorelease pool at each
  // UI event (NSEvent).  The autorelease pool is not drained for each
  // CFRunLoopSource target that's run.  Use a local pool for any autoreleased
  // objects if the app is not currently handling a UI event to ensure they're
  // released promptly even in the absence of UI events.
  MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool autorelease_pool(this);

  // Call DoIdleWork once, and if something was done, arrange to come back here
  // again as long as the loop is still running.
  bool did_work = delegate_->DoIdleWork();
  if (did_work) {
    CFRunLoopSourceSignal(idle_work_source_);
  }

  return did_work;
}

// Called from the run loop.
// static
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunNestingDeferredWorkSource(void* info) {
  MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* self = static_cast<MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase*>(info);
  self->RunNestingDeferredWork();
}

// Called by MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunNestingDeferredWorkSource.
bool MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::RunNestingDeferredWork() {
  if (!delegate_) {
    // This point can be reached with a NULL delegate_ if Run is not on the
    // stack but foreign code is spinning the CFRunLoop.  There's no sense in
    // attempting to do any work or signalling the work sources because
    // without a delegate, work is not possible.
    return false;
  }

  // Immediately try work in priority order.
  if (!RunWork()) {
    if (!RunIdleWork()) {
      return false;
    }
  } else {
    // Work was done.  Arrange for the loop to try non-nestable idle work on
    // a subsequent pass.
    CFRunLoopSourceSignal(idle_work_source_);
  }

  return true;
}

// Called before the run loop goes to sleep or exits, or processes sources.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::MaybeScheduleNestingDeferredWork() {
  // deepest_nesting_level_ is set as run loops are entered.  If the deepest
  // level encountered is deeper than the current level, a nested loop
  // (relative to the current level) ran since the last time nesting-deferred
  // work was scheduled.  When that situation is encountered, schedule
  // nesting-deferred work in case any work was deferred because nested work
  // was disallowed.
  if (deepest_nesting_level_ > nesting_level_) {
    deepest_nesting_level_ = nesting_level_;
    CFRunLoopSourceSignal(nesting_deferred_work_source_);
  }
}

// Called from the run loop.
// static
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::PreWaitObserver(CFRunLoopObserverRef observer,
                                               CFRunLoopActivity activity,
                                               void* info) {
  MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* self = static_cast<MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase*>(info);

  // Attempt to do some idle work before going to sleep.
  self->RunIdleWork();

  // The run loop is about to go to sleep.  If any of the work done since it
  // started or woke up resulted in a nested run loop running,
  // nesting-deferred work may have accumulated.  Schedule it for processing
  // if appropriate.
  self->MaybeScheduleNestingDeferredWork();
}

// Called from the run loop.
// static
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::PreSourceObserver(CFRunLoopObserverRef observer,
                                                 CFRunLoopActivity activity,
                                                 void* info) {
  MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* self = static_cast<MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase*>(info);

  // The run loop has reached the top of the loop and is about to begin
  // processing sources.  If the last iteration of the loop at this nesting
  // level did not sleep or exit, nesting-deferred work may have accumulated
  // if a nested loop ran.  Schedule nesting-deferred work for processing if
  // appropriate.
  self->MaybeScheduleNestingDeferredWork();
}

// Called from the run loop.
// static
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::EnterExitObserver(CFRunLoopObserverRef observer,
                                                 CFRunLoopActivity activity,
                                                 void* info) {
  MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase* self = static_cast<MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase*>(info);

  switch (activity) {
    case kCFRunLoopEntry:
      ++self->nesting_level_;
      if (self->nesting_level_ > self->deepest_nesting_level_) {
        self->deepest_nesting_level_ = self->nesting_level_;
      }
      break;

    case kCFRunLoopExit:
      // Not all run loops go to sleep.  If a run loop is stopped before it
      // goes to sleep due to a CFRunLoopStop call, or if the timeout passed
      // to CFRunLoopRunInMode expires, the run loop may proceed directly from
      // handling sources to exiting without any sleep.  This most commonly
      // occurs when CFRunLoopRunInMode is passed a timeout of 0, causing it
      // to make a single pass through the loop and exit without sleep.  Some
      // native loops use CFRunLoop in this way.  Because PreWaitObserver will
      // not be called in these case, MaybeScheduleNestingDeferredWork needs
      // to be called here, as the run loop exits.
      //
      // MaybeScheduleNestingDeferredWork consults self->nesting_level_
      // to determine whether to schedule nesting-deferred work.  It expects
      // the nesting level to be set to the depth of the loop that is going
      // to sleep or exiting.  It must be called before decrementing the
      // value so that the value still corresponds to the level of the exiting
      // loop.
      self->MaybeScheduleNestingDeferredWork();
      --self->nesting_level_;
      break;

    default:
      break;
  }

  self->EnterExitRunLoop(activity);
}

// Called by MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::EnterExitRunLoop.  The default
// implementation is a no-op.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::EnterExitRunLoop(CFRunLoopActivity activity) {
}

// Base version returns a standard NSAutoreleasePool.
NSAutoreleasePool* MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::CreateAutoreleasePool() {
  return [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
}

MessagePumpCFRunLoop::MessagePumpCFRunLoop()
    : quit_pending_(false) {
}

// Called by MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::DoRun.  If other CFRunLoopRun loops were
// running lower on the run loop thread's stack when this object was created,
// the same number of CFRunLoopRun loops must be running for the outermost call
// to Run.  Run/DoRun are reentrant after that point.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoop::DoRun(Delegate* delegate) {
  // This is completely identical to calling CFRunLoopRun(), except autorelease
  // pool management is introduced.
  int result;
  do {
    MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool autorelease_pool(this);
    result = CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode,
                                kCFTimeIntervalMax,
                                false);
  } while (result != kCFRunLoopRunStopped && result != kCFRunLoopRunFinished);
}

// Must be called on the run loop thread.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoop::Quit() {
  // Stop the innermost run loop managed by this MessagePumpCFRunLoop object.
  if (nesting_level() == run_nesting_level()) {
    // This object is running the innermost loop, just stop it.
    CFRunLoopStop(run_loop());
  } else {
    // There's another loop running inside the loop managed by this object.
    // In other words, someone else called CFRunLoopRunInMode on the same
    // thread, deeper on the stack than the deepest Run call.  Don't preempt
    // other run loops, just mark this object to quit the innermost Run as
    // soon as the other inner loops not managed by Run are done.
    quit_pending_ = true;
  }
}

// Called by MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::EnterExitObserver.
void MessagePumpCFRunLoop::EnterExitRunLoop(CFRunLoopActivity activity) {
  if (activity == kCFRunLoopExit &&
      nesting_level() == run_nesting_level() &&
      quit_pending_) {
    // Quit was called while loops other than those managed by this object
    // were running further inside a run loop managed by this object.  Now
    // that all unmanaged inner run loops are gone, stop the loop running
    // just inside Run.
    CFRunLoopStop(run_loop());
    quit_pending_ = false;
  }
}

MessagePumpNSRunLoop::MessagePumpNSRunLoop()
    : keep_running_(true) {
  CFRunLoopSourceContext source_context = CFRunLoopSourceContext();
  source_context.perform = NoOp;
  quit_source_ = CFRunLoopSourceCreate(NULL,  // allocator
                                       0,     // priority
                                       &source_context);
  CFRunLoopAddSource(run_loop(), quit_source_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
}

MessagePumpNSRunLoop::~MessagePumpNSRunLoop() {
  CFRunLoopRemoveSource(run_loop(), quit_source_, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
  CFRelease(quit_source_);
}

void MessagePumpNSRunLoop::DoRun(Delegate* delegate) {
  while (keep_running_) {
    // NSRunLoop manages autorelease pools itself.
    [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] runMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode
                             beforeDate:[NSDate distantFuture]];
  }

  keep_running_ = true;
}

void MessagePumpNSRunLoop::Quit() {
  keep_running_ = false;
  CFRunLoopSourceSignal(quit_source_);
  CFRunLoopWakeUp(run_loop());
}

MessagePumpNSApplication::MessagePumpNSApplication()
    : keep_running_(true),
      running_own_loop_(false) {
}

void MessagePumpNSApplication::DoRun(Delegate* delegate) {
  bool last_running_own_loop_ = running_own_loop_;

  // NSApp must be initialized by calling:
  // [{some class which implements CrAppProtocol} sharedApplication]
  // Most likely candidates are CrApplication or BrowserCrApplication.
  // These can be initialized from C++ code by calling
  // RegisterCrApp() or RegisterBrowserCrApp().
  CHECK(NSApp);

  if (![NSApp isRunning]) {
    running_own_loop_ = false;
    // NSApplication manages autorelease pools itself when run this way.
    [NSApp run];
  } else {
    running_own_loop_ = true;
    NSDate* distant_future = [NSDate distantFuture];
    while (keep_running_) {
      MessagePumpScopedAutoreleasePool autorelease_pool(this);
      NSEvent* event = [NSApp nextEventMatchingMask:NSAnyEventMask
                                          untilDate:distant_future
                                             inMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode
                                            dequeue:YES];
      if (event) {
        [NSApp sendEvent:event];
      }
    }
    keep_running_ = true;
  }

  running_own_loop_ = last_running_own_loop_;
}

void MessagePumpNSApplication::Quit() {
  if (!running_own_loop_) {
    [NSApp stop:nil];
  } else {
    keep_running_ = false;
  }

  // Send a fake event to wake the loop up.
  [NSApp postEvent:[NSEvent otherEventWithType:NSApplicationDefined
                                      location:NSMakePoint(0, 0)
                                 modifierFlags:0
                                     timestamp:0
                                  windowNumber:0
                                       context:NULL
                                       subtype:0
                                         data1:0
                                         data2:0]
           atStart:NO];
}

// Prevents an autorelease pool from being created if the app is in the midst of
// handling a UI event because various parts of AppKit depend on objects that
// are created while handling a UI event to be autoreleased in the event loop.
// An example of this is NSWindowController. When a window with a window
// controller is closed it goes through a stack like this:
// (Several stack frames elided for clarity)
//
// #0 [NSWindowController autorelease]
// #1 DoAClose
// #2 MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::DoWork()
// #3 [NSRunLoop run]
// #4 [NSButton performClick:]
// #5 [NSWindow sendEvent:]
// #6 [NSApp sendEvent:]
// #7 [NSApp run]
//
// -performClick: spins a nested run loop. If the pool created in DoWork was a
// standard NSAutoreleasePool, it would release the objects that were
// autoreleased into it once DoWork released it. This would cause the window
// controller, which autoreleased itself in frame #0, to release itself, and
// possibly free itself. Unfortunately this window controller controls the
// window in frame #5. When the stack is unwound to frame #5, the window would
// no longer exists and crashes may occur. Apple gets around this by never
// releasing the pool it creates in frame #4, and letting frame #7 clean it up
// when it cleans up the pool that wraps frame #7. When an autorelease pool is
// released it releases all other pools that were created after it on the
// autorelease pool stack.
//
// CrApplication is responsible for setting handlingSendEvent to true just
// before it sends the event through the event handling mechanism, and
// returning it to its previous value once the event has been sent.
NSAutoreleasePool* MessagePumpNSApplication::CreateAutoreleasePool() {
  NSAutoreleasePool* pool = nil;
  DCHECK([NSApp conformsToProtocol:@protocol(CrAppProtocol)]);
  if (![NSApp isHandlingSendEvent]) {
    pool = MessagePumpCFRunLoopBase::CreateAutoreleasePool();
  }
  return pool;
}

// static
MessagePump* MessagePumpMac::Create() {
  if ([NSThread isMainThread]) {
    return new MessagePumpNSApplication;
  }

  return new MessagePumpNSRunLoop;
}

}  // namespace base