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| .\" ======================================================================== |
| .\" |
| .IX Title "STRINGS 1" |
| .TH STRINGS 1 "2013-05-12" "binutils-2.23.52.0.2" "GNU Development Tools" |
| .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes |
| .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. |
| .if n .ad l |
| .nh |
| .SH "NAME" |
| strings \- print the strings of printable characters in files. |
| .SH "SYNOPSIS" |
| .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" |
| strings [\fB\-afovV\fR] [\fB\-\fR\fImin-len\fR] |
| [\fB\-n\fR \fImin-len\fR] [\fB\-\-bytes=\fR\fImin-len\fR] |
| [\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR] [\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR] |
| [\fB\-e\fR \fIencoding\fR] [\fB\-\-encoding=\fR\fIencoding\fR] |
| [\fB\-\fR] [\fB\-\-all\fR] [\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR] |
| [\fB\-T\fR \fIbfdname\fR] [\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR] |
| [\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-\-version\fR] \fIfile\fR... |
| .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| For each \fIfile\fR given, \s-1GNU\s0 \fBstrings\fR prints the printable |
| character sequences that are at least 4 characters long (or the number |
| given with the options below) and are followed by an unprintable |
| character. By default, it only prints the strings from the initialized |
| and loaded sections of object files; for other types of files, it prints |
| the strings from the whole file. |
| .PP |
| \&\fBstrings\fR is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text |
| files. |
| .SH "OPTIONS" |
| .IX Header "OPTIONS" |
| .IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-a" |
| .PD 0 |
| .IP "\fB\-\-all\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--all" |
| .IP "\fB\-\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-" |
| .PD |
| Do not scan only the initialized and loaded sections of object files; |
| scan the whole files. |
| .IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-f" |
| .PD 0 |
| .IP "\fB\-\-print\-file\-name\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--print-file-name" |
| .PD |
| Print the name of the file before each string. |
| .IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--help" |
| Print a summary of the program usage on the standard output and exit. |
| .IP "\fB\-\fR\fImin-len\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-min-len" |
| .PD 0 |
| .IP "\fB\-n\fR \fImin-len\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-n min-len" |
| .IP "\fB\-\-bytes=\fR\fImin-len\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--bytes=min-len" |
| .PD |
| Print sequences of characters that are at least \fImin-len\fR characters |
| long, instead of the default 4. |
| .IP "\fB\-o\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-o" |
| Like \fB\-t o\fR. Some other versions of \fBstrings\fR have \fB\-o\fR |
| act like \fB\-t d\fR instead. Since we can not be compatible with both |
| ways, we simply chose one. |
| .IP "\fB\-t\fR \fIradix\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-t radix" |
| .PD 0 |
| .IP "\fB\-\-radix=\fR\fIradix\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--radix=radix" |
| .PD |
| Print the offset within the file before each string. The single |
| character argument specifies the radix of the offset\-\-\-\fBo\fR for |
| octal, \fBx\fR for hexadecimal, or \fBd\fR for decimal. |
| .IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIencoding\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-e encoding" |
| .PD 0 |
| .IP "\fB\-\-encoding=\fR\fIencoding\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--encoding=encoding" |
| .PD |
| Select the character encoding of the strings that are to be found. |
| Possible values for \fIencoding\fR are: \fBs\fR = single\-7\-bit\-byte |
| characters (\s-1ASCII\s0, \s-1ISO\s0 8859, etc., default), \fBS\fR = |
| single\-8\-bit\-byte characters, \fBb\fR = 16\-bit bigendian, \fBl\fR = |
| 16\-bit littleendian, \fBB\fR = 32\-bit bigendian, \fBL\fR = 32\-bit |
| littleendian. Useful for finding wide character strings. (\fBl\fR |
| and \fBb\fR apply to, for example, Unicode \s-1UTF\-16/UCS\-2\s0 encodings). |
| .IP "\fB\-T\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-T bfdname" |
| .PD 0 |
| .IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--target=bfdname" |
| .PD |
| Specify an object code format other than your system's default format. |
| .IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-v" |
| .PD 0 |
| .IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "-V" |
| .IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "--version" |
| .PD |
| Print the program version number on the standard output and exit. |
| .IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4 |
| .IX Item "@file" |
| Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are |
| inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR |
| does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated |
| literally, and not removed. |
| .Sp |
| Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace |
| character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire |
| option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a |
| backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included |
| with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional |
| @\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively. |
| .SH "SEE ALSO" |
| .IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
| \&\fIar\fR\|(1), \fInm\fR\|(1), \fIobjdump\fR\|(1), \fIranlib\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1) |
| and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR. |
| .SH "COPYRIGHT" |
| .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" |
| Copyright (c) 1991\-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| .PP |
| Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
| under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 |
| or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
| with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no |
| Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the |
| section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R". |
